Science Weekly
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 There were a range of different topics discussed in the papers scientists published in the fields of fitness, nutrition and exercise science. The highlights:
Scientists characterize the imbalanced gut bacteria of patients with myocardial infarction, angina and heart failure Researchers show how major disturbances occur in the gut microbiome of patients suffering from heart disease. Given this latest evidence from microbiome research, researchers now call for stronger and more focused public health initiatives to prevent or delay these common diseases that are a leading cause of premature death worldwide through encouraging a plant-based and energy-controlled diet, avoidance of smoking and compliance with daily exercise. Source: University of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Obesity: What does immunity have to do with it? New findings may represent a promising approach for obesity treatment and its complications As organisms grow, older cells can undergo a phenomenon called senescence. This process defines a cell state where cells permanently stop dividing but do not die. Senescent cells secrete toxic pro-inflammatory factors contributing to the development of many diseases. Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) have shown that obesity in experimental models led to senescence of macrophages, an immune cell subtype within fat or adipose tissue. Source: Boston University School of Medicine Food for thought: A high-fiber diet may reduce risk of dementia Researchers found that higher levels of dietary fiber are associated with a reduced risk of developing dementia. In a large-scale study, over 3500 Japanese adults completed a dietary survey and were then followed up for two decades. Adults who consumed more fiber, particularly soluble fiber, were less likely to go on to develop dementia. These findings may relate to interactions between the gut and the brain. Source: University of Tsukuba A type of virus present in the gut microbiota is associated with better cognitive ability in humans, mice and flies Study finds a greater presence of these viruses in people who eat dairy products in their regular diet New research associates the presence of Caudovirales in gut microbiota to an improvement in cognitive functions and memory in humans, mice and flies. The results show that bacteriophages present in the gut microbiota influence the relationship between the microbiome and the brain. Source: Universitat Pompeu Fabra - Barcelona Eating disorders linked to diabetic eye issues People with eating disorders are three times more likely to suffer from diabetic retinopathy Eating disorders are associated with an increased risk of people with diabetes developing diabetic retinopathy -- a condition that can cause blindness if untreated -- according to new research. Source: Anglia Ruskin University Patient-centered approach to treating obesity In short, health professionals on both sides of the debate should strive to improve access to compassionate, evidence-based and patient-centered care in order to fight weight stigma and end diet culture, the researchers argue, adding that the emphasis should be on health, not weight. Source: University at Buffalo Stepping stones along the exercise stress response pathway Two key factors cooperatively regulate the stress response to exercise
A research team confirmed that interference with the action of arginine vasopressin and corticotrophin-releasing hormone inhibits stress responses in rats during moderate-intensity exercise. Their findings suggest that these factors cooperatively regulate adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Source: University of Tsukuba |
